Rational Asset Pricing Bubbles and Debt Constraints

Rational price bubble arises when the price of an asset exceeds the asset’s fundamental value, that is, the present value of future dividend payments. The important result of Santos and Woodford (1997) says that price bubbles cannot exist in equilibrium in the standard dynamic asset pricing model with rational agents facing borrowing constraints as long as assets are in strictly positive supply and the present value of total future resources is finite. This paper explores the possibility of asset price bubbles under endogenous debt constraints induced by limited enforcement of debt repayment. Equilibria with endogenous debt constraints are prone to have infinite present value of total resources. We show that asset price bubble are likely to exist in such equilibria. Further, we demonstrate that there always exist equilibria with price bubbles on assets in zero supply. We discuss alternative concepts of price bubbles including the speculative bubble. Paper prepared for the Summer 2012 Economic Workshop at the National Bank of Poland. Department of Economics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. Tel: 612-6250708. Fax: 612-6240209. Email: [email protected].